Financial institutions' solvency and liquidity positions have been strengthened since the global financial crisis. A well-functioning banking sector together with government relief measures will bolster the economy's outset for growth once the crisis subsides.

Originally conceived as an alternative to the official monetary system, cryptocurrencies have failed to realise their intended purpose.

In the digitalising world authorities must must actively monitor the financial market's structural transformation and ensure that the use of digital financial services is safe and reliable.

In retail banking, the two key services are the provision of credit and management of payment transfers. The revised Payment Services Directive (PSD2), which entered into force in Finland in January 2018 may revolutionise the operating environment for banks.

The regulation of banks’ capital adequacy was only recently reformed. Assessment and monitoring of the effects of regulation will ensure a level playing field for the banks and the capacity of the financial system to support sustainable economic growth.