AI and massive data technologies are being deployed in all different stages of business ranging from risk management to portfolio optimization.

Finns are among the leaders in Europe in the use of digital financial services. Nordic banks have invested in digital services.

Shadow banking is a broad concept. A possible definition is that it comprises non-bank institutions which undertake bank-like activities. Another characteristic is that the sector is overall less regulated.

The three key trends in payments are fragmentation of the market, payments going real time and the actual act of payment fading into the background.