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Analysis

Assessment of Public Finances

Blog

Editorial

Financial Stability Assessment

Forecast

Monetary Policy Review

Simply Short

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Date

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1497 charts

Households’ consumption expenditure grew rapidly, especially in 2021–2023

Financial margin increased between 2019 and 2023 except for the lowest income households

An increasingly large proportion of households experienced difficulty making ends meet

Experience of difficulty making ends meet became more widespread

Rising prices and interest rates put particular strain on younger households

Experience of over-indebtedness became more common in all income quintiles

Most over-indebted households still had a financial margin

Ukraine’s public sector deficit has soared since 2021

Defence-related manufacturing has nearly tripled since 2021

Liquid assets in Russia’s National Wealth Fund as a share of GDP have fallen over the past five years

Unemployment in Finland began to rise sharply after 2023

Post-pandemic employment growth in Finland was similar to that of the euro area until 2023

Number of job vacancies has decreased sharply in Finland

Finland’s employment growth has been weaker than implied by economic growth in recent years

Euro area employment has increased in step with economic growth in recent years

Working-age population (15−64-year-olds) is projected to decline in the coming decades

General government EDP debt

Factors affecting the change in the debt ratio

Factors behind changes in the debt ratio 2008–2028

Chronic deficit has pushed up the debt ratio