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1442 charts

Impact using the difference-in-differences (DiD) method

Impact using the triple difference (TD) method

Wage indicators and service inflation in the euro area have followed a very similar path

Compensation per employee seems to be a better predictor of services inflation in the euro area than other wage indicators

Wage tracker forecasts that wage inflation in the euro area will slow significantly in the coming months

Defence spending as a share of GDP fell significantly between the end of the Cold War and the end of the 2010s

Defence spending composition in euro area differs from that in United States

European procurements have focused on traditional weapons systems

Import statistics show that defence equipment imports account for about one third of defence procurements in the EU

Market value of defence industry companies has risen since 2022 at a faster pace than that of all European industrial companies

Manufacture of defence equipment has already increased in the euro area

Improved defence industry outlook is partly transmitted to other sectors of industrial production

Effects of defence expenditure increase (1% of GDP) on economic output are moderate

Defence expenditure increase (1% of GDP) with no fiscal consolidation will add to public debt

Growth in Finland’s economy will pick up in 2026

GDP growth slowed by decline in Finland’s domestic demand

Temporary rise in inflation in 2025

Unemployment to decline as economy improves

Euro area inflation at around the target and growth picking up despite uncertainty

Only 10 percent of companies have conducted tests in utilising quantum computing