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A very substantial degree of monetary accommodation is still needed in the euro area for underlying inflation pressures to build up and support inflation in the medium term. More Bank of Finland Bulletin articles will be published in the beginning of April.

Estimated on the basis of inflation swaps, euro area inflation expectations have increased. Interpretation of inflation swaps is not, however, a straightforward matter, as the price of an inflation swap can be affected by, for example, its risk level.